TALK ABOUT STATES AND FEELINGS

 Sometimes in life, we feel lucky, happy, excited, or even worried. These are called states and feelings. In this topic, we will talk about how luck affects how we feel and how we express it in English. We can say things like "I feel lucky today" or "She is nervous because of the exam."

We will learn how to describe our emotional and physical states using verbs like feel, be, and seem, and explore ways to express luck and emotions using simple grammar structures.

Examples:

• I feel lucky when I win a game.

• He is very nervous today.

• They were happy after the concert.

• She is going to feel better soon.

• We might feel excited tomorrow.

We will use present simple, present continuous, past simple, future with will/going to, modal verbs, comparatives/superlatives, frequency adverbs, and prepositions.

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🧠 GRAMMAR

1. Present Simple

   • I feel lucky every Friday.

   • He looks happy.

2. Present Continuous

   • She is feeling excited today.

   • They are getting nervous.

3. Past Simple

   • We felt unlucky yesterday.

   • He was very happy with the result.

4. Future with Will/Going to

   • I will be lucky next time.

   • They are going to feel better tomorrow.

5. Modal Verbs

   • You should relax.

   • We can feel nervous sometimes.

   • He mustn’t be so negative.

6. Comparatives/Superlatives

   • She is luckier than me.

   • That was the happiest day of my life.

7. Adverbs of Frequency

   • I always feel nervous before a test.

   • He rarely feels sad.

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📚 VOCABULARY (10 Words with Definition)

Word	Definition
Lucky	Having good things happen by chance
Unlucky	Having bad things happen by chance
Nervous	Feeling worried or afraid
Excited	Feeling very happy and full of energy
Relaxed	Feeling calm and peaceful
Worried	Thinking something bad might happen
Confident	Feeling sure of yourself
Tired	Feeling like you need to rest
Angry	Feeling mad or upset
Calm	Not excited, worried, or angry

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💬 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

• I feel very lucky today.

• He looks nervous.

• She is feeling excited.

• We were really happy.

• It was a lucky moment.

• You seem relaxed.

• Don’t be so worried.

• I can’t believe how lucky I am!

• They are going to be fine.

• He must feel proud.

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✏️ SENTENCES

Positive:

• I feel very lucky today.

• She is excited about the trip.

Negative:

• He doesn’t feel happy now.

• We weren’t lucky last time.

Questions:

• Do you feel nervous?

• Is she going to be okay?

Answers:

• Yes, I feel nervous before speaking.

• No, she’s fine now.

• Maybe. She looked worried.

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🗣️ LONG CONVERSATION

Tina: Do you ever feel lucky?

Marco: Yes, especially when I find money on the street!

Tina: Wow, that’s cool. I usually feel nervous before exams.

Marco: Me too, but I try to stay calm.

Tina: What do you do to feel better?

Marco: I listen to music and think positive thoughts.

Tina: That’s a good idea. I think I’ll try that next time.

Marco: It helps a lot. And remember, you’re luckier than you think!

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📖 LONG READING

Title: Feelings and Luck in Everyday Life

People feel different things every day. Sometimes we feel happy, sometimes sad, and sometimes very lucky. Our feelings can change depending on what happens to us.

For example, if you win a prize, you feel lucky and excited. If you lose your phone, you feel unlucky and sad. Feelings help us understand ourselves and others.

Some people say they are always lucky. Others think they are always unlucky. But the truth is, everyone has good and bad days. You can learn to feel better by thinking positively and doing things that make you happy.

Talking about feelings is important. You can say, “I feel tired today” or “She looks nervous.” These sentences help people know how you feel and how to help you.

Questions and Answers:

1. Why do our feelings change?
   → Because different things happen to us.

2. What do people feel when they win a prize?
   → Lucky and excited.

3. How can we feel better?
   → By thinking positively and doing things we enjoy.

4. Why is it good to talk about feelings?
   → So others can understand and support us.

5. Can people feel lucky every day?
   → No, but they can learn to feel better with practice.

SAY HOW LIKELY IT IS THAT SOMETHING WILL HAPPEN

 In everyday life, we often talk about things that might, will, or probably won’t happen. This topic helps you express how likely something is using common expressions and simple grammar. When we say how likely something is, we show how sure or unsure we are about it.

Examples:

• It will probably rain tomorrow.

• I think he is going to win.

• She might come to the party.

• It’s unlikely that I will forget.

• There's a good chance we’ll see him.

We will use present simple, present continuous, past simple, future with will/going to, modal verbs like might/can/should, adverbs of frequency, comparatives and superlatives, and prepositions.

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🧠 GRAMMAR

1. Future with Will/Going to

   • It will probably be sunny tomorrow.

   • They are going to travel next week.

2. Modal Verbs

   • It might snow tonight.

   • She can arrive early if she wants.

   • You should bring an umbrella.

   • You mustn’t forget your keys.

3. Present Simple/Continuous

   • He always arrives on time.

   • They are studying for the test now.

4. Past Simple

   • I thought it was going to rain yesterday.

   • She didn’t expect to win.

5. Adverbs of Probability

   • Probably, possibly, maybe, definitely, certainly, likely, unlikely

6. Comparatives and Superlatives

   • Today is more likely to be sunny than yesterday.

   • That was the most unexpected event!

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📚 VOCABULARY (10 Words with Definition)

Word	Definition
Likely	Probably going to happen
Unlikely	Probably not going to happen
Chance	The possibility of something happening
Certain	Sure, without any doubt
Maybe	Possibly, but not sure
Probably	Very likely
Prediction	A guess about what will happen
Risk	A situation with possible danger or loss
Plan	An idea about what to do in the future
Expect	To think something will happen

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💬 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

• There’s a good chance...

• It’s likely that...

• It might happen.

• It’s not very likely.

• I doubt it will happen.

• He’s going to win for sure!

• It could happen.

• It probably won’t happen.

• We’ll see what happens.

• Anything is possible!

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✏️ SENTENCES

Positive:

• It will probably be a good day.

• They might visit us later.

Negative:

• It won’t happen again.

• She isn’t likely to join us.

Questions:

• Do you think it will rain?

• Is she going to pass the test?

Answers:

• Yes, I think it will.

• No, I don’t think so.

• Maybe. It’s hard to say.

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🗣️ LONG CONVERSATION

Alex: Do you think it’s going to rain tomorrow?

Bella: Hmm… maybe. The sky looks cloudy.

Alex: I hope it doesn’t rain. I have a soccer game.

Bella: Well, it’s likely to rain in the afternoon.

Alex: Oh no! Then we’ll probably cancel the game.

Bella: Or maybe you’ll move it indoors?

Alex: That’s a good idea. I’ll talk to the coach.

Bella: Let me know what happens. Good luck!

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📖 LONG READING

Title: Will It Happen? Talking About Probability

Every day, people make predictions. We look at the weather, make plans, and think about the future. To talk about how likely something is, we use special words like maybe, probably, might, or will.

Imagine this: You want to go to the beach. You check your phone. It says, “It will probably rain today.” You now think it’s not a good idea to go.

People also use their feelings to decide. If someone says, “She is definitely going to win the race,” they feel sure. But if they say, “Maybe she will win,” they are not sure.

Knowing how to talk about what might happen helps us make better decisions and prepare for surprises.

Questions and Answers:

1. Why do people make predictions?
   → To plan and make decisions.

2. What does “probably” mean?
   → It means something is likely to happen.

3. What do people use to guess the future?
   → Information and feelings.

4. What happens if it will probably rain?
   → You may cancel your plans.

5. What helps us prepare for surprises?
   → Talking about what might happen.

THAT WAS A LUCKY GUESS!

 Sometimes, we don’t know the answer, but we guess—and it's right! When this happens, we say, "That was a lucky guess!" This topic is about moments when we guess something correctly without really knowing the answer. We’ll talk about luck, guessing, and how people feel when they are right by chance.

We will use present simple, present continuous, past simple, future (will and going to), modal verbs, comparatives and superlatives, adverbs of frequency, and prepositions.

Examples:

• That was a lucky guess!

• I often guess the answers in quizzes.

• He guessed correctly yesterday.

• She is going to guess the number.

• You shouldn’t depend only on luck.

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🧠 GRAMMAR

1. Present Simple

   • I always guess in difficult tests.

   • She never guesses right.

2. Present Continuous

   • I am guessing the answer right now.

   • They are trying to guess the word.

3. Past Simple

   • He guessed the answer and was correct.

   • We didn’t guess the right number.

4. Future: Will / Going to

   • She will guess the answer again.

   • They are going to guess next time.

5. Modal Verbs

   • You can try to guess.

   • You shouldn’t copy others.

   • You mustn’t look at the answer.

6. Comparatives / Superlatives

   • He is better at guessing than me.

   • That was the luckiest guess I’ve ever seen!

7. Prepositions

   • She guessed the number on the board.

   • He guessed with no help.

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📚 VOCABULARY (10 Words with Definition)

Word	Definition
Guess	To try to answer without knowing exactly
Correct	Right or true
Answer	A response to a question
Chance	A possibility that something will happen
Quiz	A short test or game with questions
Luck	Success by chance, not by plan
Attempt	A try to do something
Random	Without order or plan
Confident	Sure that something is right or true
Uncertain	Not sure; not knowing exactly

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💬 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

• That was a lucky guess!

• I didn’t know, I just guessed!

• Take a guess!

• You were right by chance!

• Guess again!

• Don’t just guess—think!

• I had no idea, but I was correct!

• Sometimes luck helps.

• Let’s see if I’m lucky again.

• It was a complete guess.

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✏️ SENTENCES

Positive:

• I often guess correctly in games.

• He had a lucky guess during the quiz.

Negative:

• I didn’t guess the right answer.

• She can’t guess the number easily.

Questions:

• Did you guess the answer?

• Are you going to guess again?

Answers:

• Yes, I guessed it, and it was right!

• No, I had no idea at all.

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🗣️ LONG CONVERSATION

Anna: Hey, how did you know the capital of Canada?

Ben: Honestly, that was a lucky guess!

Anna: Really? You said it so confidently.

Ben: I remembered something from a movie, but I wasn’t sure.

Anna: Wow, you got it right. I guessed and said the wrong city.

Ben: Don’t worry. Next time you’ll be lucky.

Anna: Maybe. Are you going to play the trivia game again?

Ben: Yes, I will. Maybe I’ll guess right again!

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📖 LONG READING

Title: The Art of a Lucky Guess

Sometimes, we guess without knowing, and we are correct. This is called a lucky guess. Many people have lucky guesses in games, quizzes, or daily life. But why does this happen?

Scientists say our brain stores more information than we realize. So even if we think we are guessing, we might be using memory.

In one study, people guessed the answers to questions. Some said they didn’t know, but they got them right. Their brains remembered the facts, even if they didn’t feel sure.

So a lucky guess might not be only luck. It could be our brain helping us quietly!

Questions and Answers:

1. What is a lucky guess?
   → A correct answer without being sure.

2. Where do people have lucky guesses?
   → In games, quizzes, or daily life.

3. What do scientists say about lucky guesses?
   → They say our brain remembers more than we think.

4. Why do people get answers right without knowing?
   → Their brain helps them with hidden memories.

5. Is a lucky guess always luck?
   → Not always—it can come from memory.

LUCKY PEOPLE OR UNLUCKY PEOPLE?

 Some people seem to have good luck all the time, while others often experience bad luck. But is it true, or does it depend on how we see the world? In this topic, we explore the difference between lucky people and unlucky people, and how their attitudes and actions affect their experiences.

We use present simple, present continuous, past simple, and future tenses (will and going to), plus modal verbs, comparatives and superlatives, adverbs of frequency, and prepositions.

Examples:

• She is always lucky in games.

• He never wins anything.

• They were unlucky last year.

• We will see what happens tomorrow.

• You can improve your luck by trying more.

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🧠 GRAMMAR

1. Present Simple

   • Some people feel lucky every day.

   • He believes he is unlucky.

2. Present Continuous

   • I am thinking about why I feel unlucky.

   • They are hoping for good news.

3. Past Simple

   • She had bad luck last week.

   • We missed the bus and arrived late.

4. Future: Will / Going to

   • I will try again tomorrow.

   • He is going to play the lottery.

5. Modal Verbs

   • You can change your luck.

   • You should stay positive.

   • You mustn’t give up.

6. Comparatives / Superlatives

   • She is luckier than her sister.

   • That was the unluckiest day of my life!

7. Prepositions

   • He found money on the ground.

   • She lost her keys in the car.

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📚 VOCABULARY (10 Words with Definition)

Word	Definition
Lucky	Having good things happen by chance
Unlucky	Having bad things happen by chance
Chance	A possibility something may happen
Accident	Something unexpected that happens suddenly
Belief	Something you think is true
Fortune	Another word for luck or success
Superstition	A belief that certain things bring luck
Coincidence	Something that happens at the same time unexpectedly
Optimist	A person who sees the good side of things
Pessimist	A person who expects bad things to happen

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💬 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

• That was just bad luck.

• I feel lucky today!

• He always wins. It’s unbelievable!

• I never win anything.

• Maybe next time will be better.

• She believes Friday the 13th is unlucky.

• It’s all about attitude.

• Sometimes you just need to take a chance.

• Luck can change quickly.

• Don’t depend only on luck.

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✏️ SENTENCES

Positive:

• I usually have good luck with travel.

• She is always lucky in games.

Negative:

• He doesn’t believe in luck.

• They weren’t lucky last weekend.

Questions:

• Do you think you are lucky?

• Are they going to try again?

Answers:

• Yes, I’m a lucky person.

• No, I think I’m usually unlucky.

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🗣️ LONG CONVERSATION

Lucas: Do you believe in luck?

Tina: Yes, I do. I feel lucky most of the time.

Lucas: Really? I always feel like unlucky things happen to me.

Tina: Maybe it’s your point of view. I try to stay positive.

Lucas: Yesterday, I lost my phone and missed the bus.

Tina: That’s bad luck, but maybe today will be better. What are you going to do?

Lucas: I will try to think more like you. Maybe I’m just focusing on the bad things.

Tina: That’s a good start! Let’s hope for a lucky day.

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📖 LONG READING

Title: Lucky or Unlucky? It’s Your Choice

Some people always say they are unlucky. They miss buses, lose things, or forget meetings. But scientists say it’s not only about luck—it’s about how we see and react to things.

In one study, people were asked to find money on the street. Lucky people noticed the money and picked it up. Unlucky people walked past it because they were focused on something else. The lucky people were more relaxed and open.

So maybe luck is not magic—it’s mindset. If you think you’re lucky, you will see more opportunities.

Questions and Answers:

1. What do unlucky people say?
   → They say bad things always happen to them.

2. What did scientists study?
   → How people react to things like finding money.

3. What happened in the study?
   → Lucky people noticed the money. Unlucky people didn’t.

4. Why didn’t the unlucky people see the money?
   → They were too focused on other things.

5. What is the main idea?
   → Luck is about how you see the world.

YOU CAN LEARN TO BE LUCKY IN LIFE

 Some people believe that luck is something you are born with. But others think you can learn to be lucky. How? By staying positive, trying new things, and never giving up. In this topic, we explore how actions and mindset can create good luck.

We will use present simple, present continuous, past simple, and future tenses (will and going to). We also practice modal verbs, comparatives and superlatives, adverbs of frequency, prepositions, and more.

Examples:

• I believe you can learn to be lucky.

• She always looks for good opportunities.

• He was lucky because he prepared well.

• We will try again tomorrow.

• You should stay positive and open to new things.

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🧠 GRAMMAR

1. Present Simple

   • Lucky people often take chances.

   • She believes in making her own luck.

2. Present Continuous

   • I am learning how to be lucky.

   • They are trying new things every day.

3. Past Simple

   • He found success after many tries.

   • She learned that action brings luck.

4. Future: Will / Going to

   • I will work hard to create luck.

   • We are going to take a chance tomorrow.

5. Modal Verbs

   • You can be lucky with effort.

   • You should believe in yourself.

   • You mustn’t stop trying.

6. Comparatives / Superlatives

   • He is more prepared than before.

   • She is the most positive person I know.

7. Prepositions

   • She succeeded by working hard.

   • He learned from his mistakes.

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📚 VOCABULARY (10 Words with Definition)

Word	Definition
Positive	Thinking good things will happen
Effort	Hard work to achieve something
Mindset	The way a person thinks
Habit	Something you do regularly
Risk	A chance that something bad may happen
Practice	To do something repeatedly to get better
Prepare	To get ready for something
Success	A good result or goal achieved
Courage	Being brave
Growth	Improvement or development

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💬 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

• I believe in making my own luck.

• Luck comes from action.

• Practice brings results.

• Don’t be afraid to fail.

• You can always try again.

• Stay positive and open-minded.

• Take every opportunity.

• Believe in yourself.

• Luck favors the brave.

• Success is no accident.

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✏️ SENTENCES

Positive:

• I learn to be lucky by trying new things.

• She always sees the good in every situation.

Negative:

• He doesn’t believe in learning luck.

• They didn’t take the opportunity.

Questions:

• Can you learn to be lucky?

• Are you going to try something new?

Answers:

• Yes, I believe luck is a skill.

• No, but I want to start changing my mindset.

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🗣️ LONG CONVERSATION

Anna: Do you think people can learn to be lucky?

Leo: Yes, I think so. Luck isn’t just magic. It’s about action and attitude.

Anna: What do you mean?

Leo: Well, my brother always takes small risks and meets new people. He finds great opportunities.

Anna: That makes sense. I usually wait for things to happen.

Leo: You should try doing one new thing each week. I’m going to start that too.

Anna: That’s a good idea. Let’s support each other!

Leo: Great! We will learn to be lucky together.

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📖 LONG READING

Title: Learning to Be Lucky

Sarah always thought she was unlucky. She never won games or found surprises. One day, she read an article called “Create Your Own Luck.” It said, “Take action. Be open. Say yes.”

She decided to try it. She joined a book club, started a new hobby, and talked to new people. One evening, at a book club event, she met a woman who offered her a job.

Now, Sarah has a new career she loves. She says, “I didn’t wait for luck. I created it.”

Questions and Answers:

1. Who is Sarah?
   → A girl who thought she was unlucky.

2. What did the article say?
   → Take action, be open, say yes.

3. What did Sarah do?
   → She joined activities and talked to people.

4. What happened at the book club?
   → She got a job opportunity.

5. What did Sarah learn?
   → That she could learn to be lucky.

SOME PEOPLE ARE JUST LUCKY IN LIFE

 Some people seem to have good luck all the time. They win contests, find money, or get great opportunities. Others try hard, but things don’t always go well. In this topic, we talk about what it means to be "lucky" and how some people just seem to have more good fortune in life.

We will explore the idea of being lucky or unlucky using present simple, present continuous, past simple, and future tenses (will and going to). We will also use modal verbs, comparatives and superlatives, frequency adverbs, prepositions, and adjectives.

Examples:

• He always wins games. He’s very lucky.

• I’m not feeling lucky today.

• She was lucky last year when she won a free trip.

• I will try again. Maybe I’ll be lucky next time.

• You shouldn’t give up. Good things can happen!

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🧠 GRAMMAR

1. Present Simple

   • Some people are always lucky.

   • He often wins prizes.

2. Present Continuous

   • She is feeling lucky today.

   • They are trying their luck again.

3. Past Simple

   • I was lucky last Friday.

   • He won a bike last year.

4. Future: Will / Going to

   • I will try the lottery tomorrow.

   • She is going to take a chance.

5. Modal Verbs

   • You should believe in your luck.

   • He can win again.

   • You mustn’t lose hope.

6. Comparatives / Superlatives

   • She is luckier than me.

   • He is the luckiest person I know.

7. Prepositions

   • She found money under the table.

   • He won the prize by chance.

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📚 VOCABULARY (10 Words with Definition)

Word	Definition
Lucky	Having good things happen by chance
Chance	Possibility that something will happen
Winner	A person who wins
Fortune	Luck or success
Hope	A feeling of wanting something to happen
Opportunity	A good situation or chance
Try	To make an effort
Believe	To think something is true
Fail	To not succeed
Surprise	Something unexpected

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💬 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

• He’s always lucky!

• I don’t believe in luck.

• She wins every time.

• I hope I’m lucky today.

• You should try again.

• That was pure luck!

• I failed, but I’ll try once more.

• He got the job by chance.

• She is the luckiest girl I know.

• Things will get better soon.

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✏️ SENTENCES

Positive:

• Some people are just lucky.

• I usually have good luck on Fridays.

Negative:

• I don’t feel lucky today.

• They didn’t win anything yesterday.

Questions:

• Do you think you're a lucky person?

• Are you going to try again?

Answers:

• Yes, I think I’m very lucky in life.

• No, but I always stay positive.

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🗣️ LONG CONVERSATION

Emma: Do you think luck is real?

Liam: I’m not sure, but some people are always lucky. My cousin wins something every year!

Emma: Wow! I never win anything. I think I’m a bit unlucky.

Liam: Maybe it’s just chance. You should keep trying.

Emma: I will. Next week I’m going to enter a photo contest.

Liam: That’s great! Who knows? You might be the lucky one this time.

Emma: Thanks! I hope so. Are you entering too?

Liam: No, I’m not good at taking pictures. But I’ll support you!

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📖 LONG READING

Title: The Lucky Moment

David is a quiet boy. He never thinks of himself as lucky. He studies hard, helps at home, and tries his best every day. One day, his teacher tells the class about a writing contest.

David doesn’t want to join at first, but his friend says, "You should try! You never know."

He writes a story and sends it. A month later, David gets a letter: "You are the winner of the national writing contest!"

He can’t believe it. His parents are so proud. David says, “I always thought I wasn’t lucky, but maybe good things come when you try.”

Questions and Answers:

1. Who is David?
   → A quiet boy who tries hard every day.

2. What contest does he join?
   → A writing contest.

3. Who encourages him to join?
   → His friend.

4. What happens in the end?
   → He wins the contest.

5. What does David learn?
   → That good things happen when you try.

MANY PEOPLE TRROW COINS IN THE TREVI FOUNTAIN TO BRING GOOD LOOK

 The Trevi Fountain in Rome, Italy, is one of the most famous fountains in the world. A popular tradition is to throw a coin over your shoulder into the fountain. It is believed that doing this will bring good luck and ensure you return to Rome one day.

In this topic, we explore traditions around throwing coins for good luck. We will practice using the present simple, present continuous, past simple, and future tenses (will and going to). We'll also include modal verbs, comparatives and superlatives, adjectives, frequency adverbs, and prepositions.

Examples:

• People throw coins into the Trevi Fountain every day.

• I’m throwing a coin into the fountain right now.

• Last year, I visited Rome and made a wish.

• I will return to Rome one day.

• You should always use your right hand!

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🧠 GRAMMAR

1. Present Simple

   • Tourists visit the Trevi Fountain daily.

   • People believe it brings luck.

2. Present Continuous

   • She is throwing a coin into the fountain.

   • They are making wishes right now.

3. Past Simple

   • I visited Rome in 2023.

   • He made a wish at the fountain.

4. Future: Will / Going to

   • We will visit the fountain next summer.

   • She is going to throw a coin tomorrow.

5. Modal Verbs

   • You should throw the coin with your right hand.

   • You mustn’t enter the fountain.

6. Comparatives / Superlatives

   • The Trevi Fountain is more beautiful than other fountains.

   • It is the most famous fountain in Rome.

7. Prepositions

   • He threw the coin over his shoulder.

   • She stood in front of the fountain.

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📚 VOCABULARY (10 Words with Definition)

Word	Definition
Fountain	A structure that sends water into the air
Coin	A small round piece of money
Wish	A hope for something to happen
Tradition	A custom followed for a long time
Tourist	A person visiting a place for fun
Belief	Something people think is true
Return	To go back to a place
Shoulder	The part of your body between neck and arm
Throw	To send something through the air with your hand
Luck	Success or good things that happen by chance

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💬 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

• I threw a coin and made a wish.

• It’s a beautiful tradition.

• I believe it brings good luck.

• Many tourists follow this custom.

• She is going to visit the fountain next month.

• You should try it when you go to Rome.

• He mustn’t forget to bring coins.

• That’s the most magical moment of the trip.

• I’m making a wish right now.

• Have you ever been there?

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✏️ SENTENCES

Positive:

• Many people throw coins in the Trevi Fountain.

• I always make a wish when I go.

Negative:

• She doesn’t believe in good luck.

• We didn’t throw a coin last time.

Questions:

• Do you believe in this tradition?

• Are you going to visit the fountain?

Answers:

• Yes, I will throw a coin next time I go.

• No, but I want to learn more about it.

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🗣️ LONG CONVERSATION

Lucas: Have you ever heard of the Trevi Fountain?

Sophia: Yes! It’s the place in Rome where people throw coins for luck, right?

Lucas: Exactly. I went there last year. I threw a coin and made a wish.

Sophia: That’s amazing! What did you wish for?

Lucas: I can’t tell you, or it won’t come true!

Sophia: Haha, good point. I’m going to visit Rome next year. I will throw a coin too.

Lucas: You should! It’s a beautiful tradition. Just throw the coin over your left shoulder using your right hand.

Sophia: Thanks! I’ll remember that.

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📖 LONG READING

Title: A Wish in Rome

Anna is visiting Rome with her family. On the second day, they go to the Trevi Fountain. Anna has seen pictures of it before, but now she sees it with her own eyes. It is big, white, and full of coins.

Anna takes a coin from her purse. She turns around, closes her eyes, and throws the coin over her shoulder. Her father smiles and says, "Now you will return to Rome one day!"

Later, Anna asks her mom, “Do you think it really works?” Her mom answers, “It doesn’t matter. It’s a beautiful memory.”

That night, Anna writes in her travel journal, “Today I made a wish in the Trevi Fountain. I hope it comes true.”

Questions and Answers:

1. Where is Anna visiting?
   → She is visiting Rome.

2. What does she do at the Trevi Fountain?
   → She throws a coin and makes a wish.

3. What does her father say?
   → He says she will return to Rome.

4. What does her mother say?
   → She says it’s a beautiful memory.

5. What does Anna write in her journal?
   → She writes about making a wish at the Trevi Fountain.

IN SOME ASIAN COUNTRIES, THESE CATS ARE BELIEVED TO BRING GOOD LUCK TO THEIR OWNERS

 In many Asian cultures, especially in Japan and China, there is a belief that certain cats can bring good luck, wealth, or happiness. One famous example is the Maneki-neko, also known as the "beckoning cat." It is a cat statue that raises one paw as if it's waving. People often place it in their shops, homes, or restaurants.

In this topic, we talk about the beliefs and traditions around these lucky cats. We will use the present simple and present continuous to describe habits and actions, the past simple to talk about the origin or history of the belief, and the future tenses (will and going to) to describe what people plan to do. We'll also practice modals, comparatives, and prepositions.

Examples:

• These cats are very popular in Asia.

• I’m buying a lucky cat for my new business.

• People believed these cats helped bring fortune.

• My friend will put one in her office.

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🧠 GRAMMAR

1. Present Simple

   • This cat brings good luck.

   • People believe in this tradition.

2. Present Continuous

   • She is putting the cat on her shelf.

   • They are buying a lucky cat right now.

3. Past Simple

   • The tradition started many years ago.

   • They believed the cat brought money.

4. Future: Will / Going to

   • I will give a lucky cat to my grandmother.

   • We are going to place one in the restaurant.

5. Modal Verbs

   • You should get a lucky cat for your shop.

   • You mustn’t touch the cat’s paw; it’s delicate.

6. Comparatives / Superlatives

   • This cat is more colorful than the old one.

   • That is the most beautiful lucky cat I’ve seen.

7. Prepositions

   • The cat is on the counter.

   • It sits near the entrance.

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📚 VOCABULARY (10 Words with Definition)

Word	Definition
Lucky	Having good fortune
Owner	A person who has something
Statue	A model of a person or animal made of stone or plastic
Raise	To lift something up
Belief	Something you think is true
Tradition	A custom or way of doing things for a long time
Fortune	Great wealth or luck
Entrance	The door or opening to a place
Business	A place where people sell products or services
Shop	A small store

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💬 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

• This cat brings good luck.

• It’s a tradition in many Asian countries.

• People believe it can bring money.

• I’m going to buy a lucky cat.

• The cat is sitting near the door.

• That’s the most beautiful one I’ve seen.

• Do you believe in lucky symbols?

• My aunt has one in her house.

• It’s waving with its paw.

• You should try one for your home.

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✏️ SENTENCES

Positive:

• The lucky cat brings happiness.

• Many people place it in shops.

Negative:

• He doesn’t believe in lucky cats.

• They didn’t have a cat statue in their restaurant.

Questions:

• Do you have a lucky cat?

• Is she going to buy one for her store?

Answers:

• Yes, I have one in my kitchen.

• No, but I will get one next week.

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🗣️ LONG CONVERSATION

Emma: Wow! What’s that cat statue on the shelf?

Naoki: It’s a Maneki-neko. It’s a lucky cat from Japan.

Emma: Does it really bring good luck?

Naoki: Many people believe so. It’s waving to welcome fortune.

Emma: That’s interesting. Where did you get it?

Naoki: I bought it in Tokyo. I’m going to give another one to my brother.

Emma: Nice! I think I should get one for my business.

Naoki: You should! It might bring good energy.

Emma: Where should I place it?

Naoki: Near the entrance. That’s the best spot.

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📖 LONG READING

Title: The Cat That Brings Good Luck

In a small city in Japan, there is a shop with a golden cat statue at the door. This cat is a Maneki-neko. The owner, Mr. Hiroshi, says it has brought him good luck for 10 years. Every morning, he cleans the cat and gives it a smile.

Years ago, when Mr. Hiroshi started his business, he didn’t have many customers. One day, a friend gave him the cat as a gift. Soon after, more and more people came to his store. He believes the cat helped his business grow.

Today, many tourists come to see the cat. Some take pictures, and some buy their own lucky cat. Mr. Hiroshi says, “It may be a superstition, but it works for me.”

Questions and Answers:

1. Where is the shop with the golden cat?
   → In a small city in Japan.

2. What does Mr. Hiroshi do every morning?
   → He cleans the cat and smiles at it.

3. What happened after he got the cat?
   → More customers came to his shop.

4. Why do tourists come to his store?
   → To see the lucky cat and take pictures.

5. What does Mr. Hiroshi believe?
   → He believes the cat helped his business.

DO YOU DO ANYTHING TO AVOID BAD LUCK?

 Some people believe in bad luck and do certain things to avoid it. For example, they don’t walk under ladders, avoid black cats, or don’t open umbrellas indoors. Others carry lucky charms, say special words, or wear a lucky color to protect themselves. These habits are called superstitions.

In this topic, you’ll learn how to talk about things you do to avoid bad luck, using present simple and present continuous, as well as how to explain past events or future plans with past simple, “will”, and “going to”. You will also practice modal verbs (should/shouldn’t, must/mustn’t, can/can’t), frequency adverbs, comparatives, and prepositions to describe actions and beliefs.

Examples:

• I never walk under ladders.

• She always knocks on wood to avoid bad luck.

• He’s going to stay home on Friday the 13th.

• We didn’t open the umbrella inside. That brings bad luck!

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🧠 GRAMMAR

1. Present Simple

   • I avoid black cats.

   • He doesn’t open umbrellas indoors.

   • Do you do anything to avoid bad luck?

2. Present Continuous

   • I’m looking for my lucky charm.

   • She’s not taking any chances today.

3. Past Simple

   • We didn’t walk under the ladder yesterday.

   • They avoided bad luck last Friday.

4. Future with “Will” / “Going to”

   • I will be careful tomorrow.

   • She’s going to wear her lucky bracelet.

5. Modal Verbs

   • You should avoid breaking mirrors.

   • You mustn’t say bad words on New Year’s Eve.

   • You can use a charm if it helps you feel safe.

6. Adverbs of Frequency

   • I always avoid bad luck on important days.

   • He rarely believes in superstitions.

7. Comparatives / Superlatives

   • Friday the 13th is worse than Monday the 13th.

   • That was the unluckiest day of the year.

8. Prepositions

   • She walks around the ladder, not under it.

   • They hang lucky symbols on the door.

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📚 VOCABULARY (10 Words with Definition)

Word	Definition
Bad luck	Something unlucky or negative that happens
Avoid	To stay away from something
Superstition	A belief not based on science or logic
Ladder	A tool to climb up or down
Charm	A small object believed to bring luck
Mirror	An object that shows reflection
Umbrella	A tool for protection from rain
Knock	To hit something softly, often with the hand
Break	To damage or destroy something
Careful	Paying attention to avoid danger or mistakes

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💬 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

• I never walk under ladders.

• It’s bad luck to break a mirror.

• I knock on wood for good luck.

• Don’t open that umbrella inside!

• You should avoid saying that.

• It’s just a superstition.

• Better safe than sorry.

• Do you believe in bad luck?

• I always carry a lucky charm.

• That day felt unlucky.

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✏️ SENTENCES

Positive:

• I always carry my lucky keychain.

• She knocks on wood before a big event.

Negative:

• We don’t open umbrellas indoors.

• He never walks under ladders.

Questions:

• Do you do anything to avoid bad luck?

• Is she going to wear her lucky ring today?

Answers:

• Yes, I always avoid black cats.

• No, I don’t believe in superstitions.

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🗣️ LONG CONVERSATION

Lena: Are you walking around the ladder too?

Jake: Yes! I never walk under ladders. It’s bad luck.

Lena: Oh, come on! That’s just a superstition.

Jake: Maybe, but I’d rather be safe than sorry.

Lena: Do you do anything else to avoid bad luck?

Jake: I never open umbrellas inside, and I always knock on wood before a test.

Lena: Interesting! I don’t really believe in those things.

Jake: That’s okay. Everyone has their own beliefs. Are you going to wear your lucky bracelet today?

Lena: No, but maybe I should. I have a big meeting!

Jake: See? A little luck never hurts.

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📖 LONG READING

Title: Marco’s Day of Superstitions

Marco never cared about superstitions until one day, many unlucky things happened. It was Friday the 13th. First, he broke a mirror. Then, he opened his umbrella indoors. Later, he walked under a ladder without thinking.

That afternoon, he lost his wallet and missed an important call. “This can’t be just coincidence,” he thought. From that day on, Marco avoided doing those things. Now, he never walks under ladders, never breaks mirrors, and always carries a small lucky charm in his pocket.

Even if it’s not real, he says it helps him feel more careful and focused.

Questions:

1. What day was unlucky for Marco?
   → Friday the 13th.

2. What three things did he do that day?
   → He broke a mirror, opened an umbrella indoors, and walked under a ladder.

3. What happened after those things?
   → He lost his wallet and missed a call.

4. What does Marco do now?
   → He avoids bad luck actions and carries a lucky charm.

5. Why does he continue doing it?
   → Because it helps him feel more careful and focused.

SOME PEOPLE TAKE MORE CHANCES ON CERTAIN DAYS. DO YOU HAVE A LUCKY DAY?

 Some people believe that certain days of the week or special dates are luckier than others. For example, someone might always schedule a job interview on a Friday or start new projects on the first day of the month. They think these days bring good fortune, so they are more likely to take chances—to try something new, buy a lottery ticket, or ask for something important.

In this lesson, you’ll talk about your routines, beliefs, plans, and past experiences connected to lucky days. You’ll learn how to use present simple, present continuous, past simple, and future with "will" and "going to". You will also practice modals, adverbs of frequency, and comparatives like more likely or less lucky.

Examples:

• I always feel lucky on Mondays.

• She takes more chances on the 7th of each month.

• I’m going to buy a ticket this Friday.

• Last year, I won a prize on my birthday!

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🧠 GRAMMAR

1. Present Simple

   • I usually take chances on Fridays.

   • He doesn’t believe in lucky days.

   • Do you have a lucky day?

2. Present Continuous

   • I’m feeling lucky today.

   • They’re taking a big risk this Monday.

3. Past Simple

   • I had good luck last Wednesday.

   • She won a prize on her birthday.

4. Future with Will / Going to

   • I will try something new next Saturday.

   • He is going to start his new job on the 1st.

5. Modal Verbs (can, should, must, etc.)

   • You can take more chances on your lucky day.

   • You shouldn’t wait if the day feels right.

   • We must believe in our positive energy.

6. Adverbs of Frequency

   • I always feel lucky on Sundays.

   • She rarely takes risks.

7. Comparatives / Superlatives

   • Monday is luckier than Tuesday for me.

   • That was the luckiest Friday ever!

8. Prepositions of Time

   • On Mondays, I feel great.

   • In March, good things usually happen.

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📚 VOCABULARY (10 Words with Definition)

Word	Definition
Chance	A possibility to do or try something
Lucky	Having good fortune
Date	A specific day or time
Fortune	Luck, often good luck
Energy	Power or feeling that helps you do things
Risk	Doing something that might be dangerous or exciting
Occasion	A special or important time
Positive	Good or optimistic
Predict	To say something will happen in the future
Celebrate	To do something special for a happy reason

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💬 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

• This is my lucky day!

• I always feel good on Fridays.

• I don’t know why, but today feels special.

• Are you feeling lucky today?

• Take the chance—it’s the right day!

• It never fails on the 10th.

• Let’s wait for a better day.

• That day changed everything for me.

• Try again tomorrow.

• It’s worth the risk today.

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✏️ SENTENCES

Positive:

• I usually feel lucky on the first Monday of the month.

• He always takes chances on his birthday.

Negative:

• She doesn’t believe in lucky days.

• We never try new things on Mondays.

Questions:

• Do you have a lucky day?

• Are you going to take a chance this Friday?

Answers:

• Yes, my lucky day is the 7th of every month.

• No, I don’t think days change anything.

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🗣️ LONG CONVERSATION

Sara: Hey Omar, are you really applying for that job today?

Omar: Yes, today is my lucky day—it's the 17th! I always have good luck on the 17th.

Sara: That’s interesting. Why the 17th?

Omar: I was born on the 17th. Last year, I won a prize on this day.

Sara: Wow! I never really think about lucky days. I just do things when I feel ready.

Omar: That’s fair. But I feel more confident today. I’m going to email them now.

Sara: Good luck! I hope the 17th works its magic again.

Omar: Thanks! What about you? Do you ever wait for a special day to do something big?

Sara: Maybe. I feel more positive on Mondays for some reason.

Omar: See? Everyone has a lucky day, even if they don’t notice.

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📖 LONG READING

Title: Anna’s Best Tuesday Ever

Anna never thought about lucky days. She believed every day was the same. But one Tuesday, everything changed. She found $20 on the street, got a free coffee, and passed her driving test—all in one day.

After that, she started to feel that Tuesdays were special. She planned meetings and important activities on Tuesdays. One year later, she got her first job on a Tuesday.

Now, she tells her friends, “If you have something important, do it on a Tuesday!” For Anna, Tuesday is more than just a day. It’s her lucky day.

Questions:

1. Did Anna believe in lucky days at first?
   → No, she didn’t.

2. What happened on that special Tuesday?
   → She found money, got a free coffee, and passed her driving test.

3. What does Anna do now on Tuesdays?
   → She plans important things.

4. When did she get her first job?
   → On a Tuesday.

5. What does Anna tell her friends?
   → To do important things on Tuesdays.