Learning how to name cities and countries is essential for beginners in English. This topic focuses on recognizing and pronouncing names of places worldwide and constructing simple sentences about them. Students will practice using the verb "to be" to describe locations, the prepositions "in" and "from," and basic question forms to ask about places. By mastering this topic, learners will improve their geographical vocabulary and ability to communicate about locations.
GRAMMAR
Using "To Be" for Locations
- Structure: Subject + to be + in/from + place.
Examples:- "Paris is in France."
- "I am from Spain."
Questions with "To Be"
- Structure: Wh-word + to be + subject + in/from?
Examples:- "Where is Tokyo?"
- "Is New York in the USA?"
Prepositions: In / From
- In: Indicates location.
Example: "London is in England." - From: Indicates origin.
Example: "She is from Brazil."
VOCABULARY
- City: A large town.
Example: "New York is a famous city." - Country: A nation or state.
Example: "Japan is a beautiful country." - Capital: The main city of a country.
Example: "Berlin is the capital of Germany." - Continent: A large landmass.
Example: "Asia is the largest continent." - Island: A piece of land surrounded by water.
Example: "Hawaii is an island in the USA." - Neighboring: Close or next to.
Example: "Canada is a neighboring country of the USA." - Population: The number of people in a place.
Example: "The population of India is over 1 billion." - Famous: Well known.
Example: "Paris is famous for the Eiffel Tower." - Landmark: A notable place or object.
Example: "The Great Wall is a landmark in China." - Tourist: A person visiting a place.
Example: "Tourists love visiting Rome."
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
- "The capital of [country] is [city]."
- "I am from [country]."
- "Where is [city/country] located?"
- "[City] is in [country]."
- "[Country] is famous for [landmark]."
- "What is the population of [city/country]?"
- "Have you been to [city/country]?"
- "It’s a beautiful place to visit."
- "This city is on the coast."
- "That country is next to [another country]."
SENTENCES
Positive Sentences
- "Tokyo is in Japan."
- "I am from Peru."
- "Paris is a famous city in France."
Negative Sentences
- "Tokyo is not in China."
- "I am not from Canada."
- "This city is not the capital of Brazil."
Questions
- "Where is London?"
- "Is Madrid in Spain?"
- "Which country is the Eiffel Tower in?"
Answers
- Positive: "Yes, Madrid is in Spain."
- Negative: "No, the Eiffel Tower is not in Italy."
CONVERSATION
Scene: Two friends talking about cities and countries.
John: Hi, Emma! Where are you from?
Emma: Hi, John! I’m from Canada. What about you?
John: I’m from Australia. Have you been to Sydney?
Emma: No, I haven’t. But I’d love to visit someday. Is Sydney the capital?
John: Actually, no. Canberra is the capital of Australia. What’s the capital of Canada?
Emma: It’s Ottawa, but Toronto is more famous.
John: That’s interesting!
READING
"Exploring Famous Cities"
There are many beautiful cities in the world, each with its unique culture and history. For example, Paris, the capital of France, is famous for the Eiffel Tower and its delicious food. Tokyo, located in Japan, is known for its modern technology and traditional temples.
In the USA, New York City is a major tourist destination. It is home to the Statue of Liberty and Times Square. In South America, Lima, the capital of Peru, attracts visitors with its historical sites and delicious cuisine.
Every city has something special to offer. Whether you love history, art, or nature, there is a city in the world for you to explore!
Questions and Answers
Q: What is Paris famous for?
A: Paris is famous for the Eiffel Tower and its food.Q: Where is Tokyo located?
A: Tokyo is located in Japan.Q: What can you see in New York City?
A: You can see the Statue of Liberty and Times Square.Q: Which city is the capital of Peru?
A: Lima is the capital of Peru.Q: What makes every city special?
A: Every city has unique history, art, or nature to explore.
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