In this topic, students will learn how to talk about what people are doing in the present moment. The focus will be on using the present continuous tense to describe actions happening right now. This tense is used to talk about actions in progress or events that are happening at the moment of speaking. Students will also practice asking and answering questions about activities or actions that people are doing.
GRAMMAR
1. Present Continuous Tense (Also Known as Progressive Tense)
The present continuous tense is used to talk about actions happening now or around the present time. It is formed using the verb to be (am, is, are) + the main verb + -ing.
Formula:
Subject + am/is/are + verb-ing
Examples:
- "I am reading a book."
- "She is cooking dinner."
- "They are playing football."
- "We are watching a movie."
2. Negative Form
To make a negative sentence in the present continuous, add not after the verb to be.
Examples:
- "I am not eating lunch."
- "She is not studying right now."
- "They are not working today."
- "We are not running."
3. Questions
To ask questions in the present continuous, invert the subject and the verb to be.
Formula:
Am/Is/Are + subject + verb-ing?
Examples:
- "Is he studying?"
- "Are you playing soccer?"
- "Is she cooking dinner?"
- "Are they watching TV?"
4. Short Answers
In short answers, use yes or no and the verb to be.
Examples:
- "Yes, I am." / "No, I’m not."
- "Yes, she is." / "No, she isn’t."
- "Yes, they are." / "No, they aren’t."
VOCABULARY
Reading: To look at and understand written words.
Example: "She is reading a magazine."Writing: The action of forming letters or words on paper or a screen.
Example: "He is writing a letter."Cooking: Preparing food by combining ingredients and heating them.
Example: "I am cooking dinner for my family."Playing: Engaging in a game or activity for fun.
Example: "They are playing chess."Running: Moving at a fast pace on foot.
Example: "We are running in the park."Talking: Using words to communicate.
Example: "She is talking to her friend."Working: Doing tasks, usually related to one's job.
Example: "He is working in the office."Watching: Looking at something attentively, usually TV or a screen.
Example: "I am watching a movie."Swimming: Moving through water using arms and legs.
Example: "They are swimming in the pool."Dancing: Moving the body rhythmically to music.
Example: "We are dancing at the party."
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
- "What is he doing?"
- "What are they doing?"
- "She is doing something right now."
- "They are not doing anything at the moment."
- "I am busy right now."
- "Are you working today?"
- "He is not at home; he is at work."
- "We are having fun."
- "I’m not sure what they are doing."
- "What are you doing this afternoon?"
SENTENCES
Positive Sentences
- "She is reading a book."
- "They are cooking dinner."
- "We are talking about our plans."
- "He is playing guitar."
- "I am studying for my exam."
Negative Sentences
- "I am not watching TV."
- "They are not working today."
- "She is not playing the piano."
- "We are not running in the park."
- "He is not studying right now."
Questions
- "What is she doing?"
- "Are they cooking dinner?"
- "What are you doing this weekend?"
- "Is he reading a newspaper?"
- "Are you working right now?"
Answers
- "She is reading a book."
- "Yes, they are cooking dinner."
- "I am studying at the moment."
- "No, I’m not watching TV."
- "Yes, he is working."
CONVERSATION
Scene: Two friends talking about what other people are doing.
Tom: Hi, Sara! What is David doing?
Sara: Hi, Tom! David is playing football with his friends.
Tom: Oh, that’s fun! What about Emma? Is she with them?
Sara: No, Emma is not playing football. She is sitting on the bench and reading a book.
Tom: Oh, I see. And what about you? What are you doing now?
Sara: I’m just waiting for you! We can go for a walk in the park if you want.
Tom: That sounds great! Let’s go!
READING
"A Busy Day"
Today, I am very busy. In the morning, I am working in the office. My boss is giving me some new tasks to do, and I have a lot of meetings. During lunch, I am meeting my friend, Anna. We are going to a café to talk and eat together.
In the afternoon, I am going to the gym. I am meeting my friend, John, there. We are doing some exercises and then swimming in the pool. After that, I am going home. I will be cooking dinner and then watching TV.
It’s a busy day, but I enjoy it. How about you? What are you doing today?
Questions and Answers
Q: What is the writer doing in the morning?
A: The writer is working in the office.Q: What is the writer doing during lunch?
A: The writer is meeting Anna and going to a café.Q: Who is the writer meeting in the afternoon?
A: The writer is meeting John at the gym.Q: What will the writer do in the evening?
A: The writer will cook dinner and watch TV.Q: Is the writer busy today?
A: Yes, the writer is busy, but enjoys the day.
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