Tuesday, September 17, 2024

A2 LEVEL ENGLISH GRAMMAR



At the A2 level, learners move beyond the basics and start to use more complex grammar. This list explains the most important grammar points, with examples and notes on usage.


1. Present Simple vs. Present Continuous

  • Present Simple (habits, routines, facts): I usually go to school.

  • Present Continuous (actions happening now): I am going to school now.
    👉 DifferencePresent Simple = habits / Present Continuous = actions happening at this moment


2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous

  • Past Simple (completed actions): I went to the park yesterday.

  • Past Continuous (ongoing action interrupted): I was going to the park when it started to rain.


3. Present Perfect Simple

  • AffirmativeI have visited Paris.

  • NegativeI haven’t visited Paris.

  • QuestionsHave you visited Paris?
    👉 Usage: Experiences, unspecified time, actions connected to the present.


4. Present Perfect vs. Past Simple

  • Present PerfectI have seen that movie. (unspecified time, still relevant)

  • Past SimpleI saw that movie last week. (specific time, finished action)


5. Future Forms

  • WillI will call you tomorrow. (spontaneous decision, promise)

  • Going toI am going to visit my friend. (plan, intention)

  • Present Continuous (future)I am meeting her at 6 pm. (fixed arrangement)


6. Modal Verbs (Ability, Permission, Advice, Obligation)

  • Can / CouldCan you swim? / Could you open the window?

  • ShouldYou should eat more vegetables. (advice)

  • MustYou must wear a helmet. (strong obligation)

  • Have toI have to finish my homework. (necessity)


7. Comparatives and Superlatives

  • Comparativesbigger, more interesting

  • Superlativesthe biggest, the most interesting
    👉 Used to compare two or more things.


8. Adverbs of Frequency, Manner, Time, Place

  • Frequencyalways, often, never

  • Mannerslowly, carefully

  • Timeyesterday, soon

  • Placehere, there


9. Countable and Uncountable Nouns

  • Countableapple/apples, chair/chairs

  • Uncountablewater, money

  • Quantifierssome, any, much, many, a lot of, a few, a little


10. Articles

  • Definitethe sun

  • Indefinitea car, an hour

  • Zero articleI like tea.


11. Pronouns and Determiners

  • SubjectI, you, he, she, we, they

  • Objectme, him, us

  • Possessive Pronounsmine, yours, hers

  • Possessive Adjectivesmy, your, her, their

  • Reflexive Pronounsmyself, yourself, themselves

  • Demonstrativesthis, that, these, those


12. Prepositions of Time, Place, Movement

  • Timeat night, on Monday, in January

  • Placein the room, on the floor, at the bus stop

  • Movementto, into, out of, onto


13. First Conditional

  • Structure: If + present simple, will + base verb

  • Example: If it rains, I will stay home.


14. Second Conditional

  • Structure: If + past simple, would + base verb

  • Example: If I had a car, I would drive to work.


15. Question Forms

  • Yes/NoDid you see the movie? / Are you coming?

  • Wh-Where do you live? / What did you do?

  • IndirectCan you tell me where the bank is?


16. Imperatives with Modifiers

  • PositivePlease sit down.

  • NegativePlease don’t smoke.


17. Verb Patterns

  • Verb + -ingI enjoy swimming.

  • Verb + to-infinitiveI want to learn.

  • BothI like swimming. / I like to swim.


18. Gerunds and Infinitives

  • GerundsSwimming is fun. / I like swimming.

  • Infinitives (after adjectives)It’s easy to learn.

  • Infinitives (purpose)I went to the store to buy milk.


19. Reported Speech (Basic)

  • StatementsHe said (that) he was tired.

  • QuestionsShe asked if I was okay.


20. Past Perfect Simple (Introduction)

  • Structure: had + past participle

  • Example: I had already eaten when he arrived.


21. Relative Clauses (Defining)

  • Who / That / WhichThe person who called me was my friend.
    👉 Gives essential information about a subject.


22. Quantifiers

  • some, any, much, many, a lot of, few, little

  • Example: There are many books. / There is some water.


23. Question Tags

  • Positive sentence + negative tagIt’s cold, isn’t it?

  • Negative sentence + positive tagYou don’t like it, do you?


24. Common Phrasal Verbs

  • wake up, sit down, put on, take off

  • Example: I wake up at 7 am.


25. Expressing Likes and Dislikes

  • I like, I love, I don’t like, I hate

  • Example: I love swimming. / I don’t like running.


26. Expressing Opinions

  • I think, In my opinion, I believe

  • Example: I think it’s a good idea.


✅ Extra Notes for Learners

  • Linking Words for A2because, so, but, although (useful for longer sentences).

  • Polite RequestsWould you like...? / Could you...?

  • Everyday CommunicationWhat’s the matter?How was your weekend?


👉 This grammar list provides A2 students with the tools to communicate confidently in daily situations, write short texts, and prepare for B1 level grammar.

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