Plastic bottles are everywhere. In many places, people throw them on the ground. Wind and rain carry them into rivers and oceans. This hurts animals and pollutes the water. In this lesson, you will learn to describe actions using the present simple tense and talk about cause and effect.
Examples:
Bottles fall on the ground.
Then they go into the ocean.
This pollutes the water and hurts animals.
GRAMMAR
We use the present simple tense to describe regular actions and facts. We also use and then to show the next action.
Structure:
Subject + verb (simple present)
Action + and then + next action
Examples:
People throw bottles on the ground.
The bottles fall and then go into the sea.
Plastic pollutes the ocean.
Negative Form:
Some people don’t use trash bins.
Bottles don’t stay on the ground.
Questions:
Do bottles go into the ocean?
Where do people throw bottles?
Short Answers:
Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.
On the ground. / In the trash.
VOCABULARY (10 words with definition)
Bottle – a container for drinks
Ground – the surface of the Earth
Ocean – a large body of salt water
Trash – things people throw away
Pollute – to make dirty or harmful
Water – liquid from rivers, oceans, and rain
Animal – a living creature, not a plant
Plastic – a material used to make bottles and bags
Wind – moving air
Rain – water that falls from clouds
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
Bottles fall on the ground.
They go into the ocean.
This is bad for nature.
It pollutes the water.
We must stop this.
SENTENCES
Positive:
Bottles fall on the ground in many places.
They go into the ocean.
This pollutes the water.
Negative:
Bottles don’t stay in one place.
Some people don’t use trash bins.
The ocean doesn’t stay clean.
Questions and Answers:
Do bottles fall on the ground? – Yes, they do.
Do they go into the ocean? – Yes, they do.
Does this hurt animals? – Yes, it does.
CONVERSATION
Julia: Look at all these bottles on the beach!
Alex: Yes, many people throw them on the ground.
Julia: Then they go into the ocean. That’s very bad.
Alex: Yes. It hurts fish and other animals.
Julia: We should pick them up.
Alex: Good idea. Let’s help clean the beach.
READING
From Ground to Ocean
In many places, people throw plastic bottles on the ground. The wind and rain move the bottles. They go into rivers and then into the ocean. This is a big problem. Plastic bottles pollute the water. Animals eat plastic and get sick. We must stop throwing bottles on the ground. Use a trash bin or recycle them. A small action can help protect the ocean.
Questions:
Where do people throw bottles?
What moves the bottles?
Where do the bottles go?
Why is plastic bad for animals?
What can people do?
Answers:
On the ground.
Wind and rain.
Into the rivers and oceans.
Animals eat plastic and get sick.
Use trash bins or recycle.
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