A1 LEVEL ENGLISH GRAMMAR

1. Sentence Structure Basics

• Subject + Verb: "She runs."
• Subject + Verb + Object: "I eat apples."
• Yes/No answers and short answers: "Are you a student? — Yes, I am. / No, I’m not."

2. Verb "To Be" (Present Simple)

• Affirmative: "I am...", "You are...", "He/She/It is...", "We/You/They are..."
• Negative: "I am not...", "You are not...", "He/She/It is not...", "We/You/They are not..."
• Questions: "Am I...?", "Are you...?", "Is he/she/it...?", "Are we/you/they...?"

3. Verb "To Be" (Past Simple)

• Affirmative: "I was...", "You were...", "He/She/It was...", "We/You/They were..."
• Negative: "I was not...", "You were not...", "He/She/It was not...", "We/You/They were not..."
• Questions: "Was I...?", "Were you...?", "Was he/she/it...?", "Were we/you/they...?"

4. Present Simple Tense

• Affirmative(Daily routines and facts): "I/You/We/They work...", "He/She/It works...", "I go to school...", "She likes coffee..."
• Negative(Use of don't/ doesn't): "I/You/We/They do not (don’t) work", "He/She/It does not (doesn't) work", "I don't eat meal", "Does he play football?"
• Questions and short answers: "Do I/you/we/they work?" "Yes, we do" "No, we don't" "Does he/she/it work?" "Yes, he does" "No, he doesn't"

5. Present Continuous Tense

• Affirmative: "I am working", "You/We/They are working", "He/She/It is working"
• Negative: "I am not working", "You/We/They are not working", "He/She/It is not working"
• Questions: "Am I working?", "Are you/we/they working?", "Is he/she/it working?"

6. Past Simple Tense (Regular and Irregular Verbs)

• Regular Verbs: "I worked", "She played"
• Irregular Verbs: "I went", "He saw"
• Negative: "I did not (didn't) work", "He did not (didn't) go"
• Questions: "Did I work?" "Did he go?"

7. Future Simple Tense (Will)

• Affirmative: "I will work", "She will go"
• Negative: "I will not (won’t) work", "She will not (won’t) go."
• Questions: "Will I work?" "Will she go?"

7. Be Going To (Future Plans)

• I’m going to visit my grandma.
• Are you going to watch the movie?

8. Modal Verbs (Can, Could, Must)

• Ability/Possibility: "I can swim", "She can’t (cannot) drive"
• Permission: "Can I go?", "You can’t (cannot) enter"
• Requests: "Can you help me?", "Could you open the door?"
• Obligation: "You must wear a seatbelt"

9. Imperatives (Commands)

• Positive: "Sit down", "Please open the door"
• Negative: "Don't touch", "Don't be late", "Don't open the window"

10. Nouns

• Regular (Singular/Plural): "cat/cats", "box/boxes", "house/houses"
• Irregular (Singular – Plurals): man – men, child – children
• Countable and Uncountable: "apple/apples", "two apples", "water", "some water"

11. Articles

• Definite Article: "the" (specific items) - "the book", "The teacher"
• Indefinite Articles: "a" / "an" (general items) - "a book", "an apple"
• Omission: No article for plural or uncountable nouns in general: "I like music", "Dogs are friendly"

12. Pronouns

• Subject Pronouns: "I" "you" "he" "she" "it" "we" "they"
• Object Pronouns: "me" "you" "him" "her" "it" "us" "them"
• Possessive Pronouns: "mine" "yours" "his" "hers" "ours" "theirs"

• Reflexive Pronouns: "myself" "yourself" "himself" "herself" "itself" "ourselves" "themselves"

13. Possessive Adjectives

• "my" "your" "his" "her" "its" "our" "their": This is my phone. / Her name is Lucy.

13. Possessive's

• Singular and plural
  👉 "Anna’s book", "My parents’ house"

13. Like / Want + noun or verb

• I like pizza. / She wants to go home.

14. Adjectives

• Basic Descriptive Adjectives: "big", "small", "happy", "sad", "tired"
• Comparative: "bigger", "smaller"
• Superlative: "the biggest", "smallest", "the most beautiful"

14. Modifiers and Intensifiers

• very, really, quite, too.
  "It’s very cold today", "She is really nice"

15. Adverbs

• Frequency: "always", "usually", "often", "sometimes", "never"
• Manner: "quickly", "slowly"
• Time: "now", "later"

16. Prepositions

• Time: "at" "on" "in" - "at 5 pm" "on Monday" "in April"
• Place: "in" "on" "at" - "in the room" "on the table" "at the station"
• Direction: "to" "from" "into" "out of" "under" "next to" "between" "behind"

17. There is / There are

• Affirmative(Singular and plural form): "There is a book", "There are (three) books"
• Negative: "There isn’t (is not) a book", "There aren’t (are not) books"
• Questions: "Is there a book?", "Are there books?"

18. Some and Any

• "Some" (positive sentences): "I have some friends"
• "Any" (negative sentences/questions): "I don’t have any friends", "Do you have any friends?"
  

18. Have / Have got

• Forms: I have, You’ve got
  "I have a bike" "She’s got long hair"

19. Demostratives (This, That, These, Those)

• "This" (singular, near): "This is a pen"
• "That" (singular, far): "That is a pen"
• "These" (plural, near): "These are pens"
• "Those" (plural, far): "Those are pens" "Are those your keys?"

20. Wh- Questions (Question Words)

• "What" "Where" "When" "Who" "Why" "How" "Which"

23. Conjunctions

• Basic: "and", "but", "or", "because"

23. Time Expressions

• "every day", "now", "today", "yesterday", "tomorrow", "at the moment":
  "I go to the gym every day", "He is sleeping now"

23. Question Formation

• Auxiliary verbs: Do, Does, Is, Are, Can, Have:
  "Do you like it?", "Is she your friend?"

24. Numbers, Dates, and Times

• Cardinal Numbers: "one", "two", "three"
• Ordinal Numbers: "first", "second", "third"
• Reading time: It’s half past four.
• Saying dates: "March 2nd", "the 5th of July"

Recommendations for teaching or learning this grammar:

• Introduce the structures gradually and contextually.
• Support with visuals, audio, and real-life examples.
• Practice with games, songs, guided dialogues, and simple writing.
• Repetition with frequent communication routines.
• Assess through real-life activities (introducing yourself, asking questions, describing things).