Space exploration is the study and discovery of outer space. Humans have always looked at the stars and wondered about the universe. In 1957, the first satellite, Sputnik 1, was launched by the Soviet Union. Later, in 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the Moon. Today, astronauts travel to the International Space Station (ISS), and scientists explore space with telescopes and robots.
For example:
Astronauts travel to space in rockets.
The first person on the Moon was Neil Armstrong.
Telescopes help scientists study distant planets.
GRAMMAR
The past simple tense is used to talk about past events in space exploration.
Structure:
✅ Affirmative:
The first satellite was launched in 1957.
Neil Armstrong walked on the Moon in 1969.
❌ Negative:
Astronauts did not travel to Mars yet.
The first space station was not built in 1950.
❓ Questions:
Did humans walk on the Moon in 1969? → Yes, they did.
Was Sputnik 1 an American satellite? → No, it wasn’t.
VOCABULARY
Astronaut – A person who travels to space.
Rocket – A vehicle that flies into space.
Satellite – A machine that orbits the Earth.
Telescope – A tool to see distant objects.
Orbit – The path of an object around a planet or star.
Planet – A large object that moves around a star.
Moon – A natural satellite of a planet.
Galaxy – A system of millions of stars.
NASA – The U.S. space agency.
Mission – A planned trip to space.
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
Space is full of mysteries.
Astronauts train for years before going to space.
The Moon is Earth’s only natural satellite.
Mars is called the Red Planet.
Satellites help us understand space better.
SENTENCES
✅ Positive Sentences:
The first man on the Moon was Neil Armstrong.
Space telescopes help us see faraway galaxies.
Astronauts live on the International Space Station.
❌ Negative Sentences:
Humans did not land on Mars yet.
The Sun is not a planet.
Satellites do not orbit the Moon; they orbit Earth.
❓ Questions & Answers:
Did the first satellite go to space in 1957? → Yes, it did.
Was Neil Armstrong an astronaut? → Yes, he was.
Do astronauts live in space permanently? → No, they don’t.
CONVERSATION
Lucy: Do you know when humans first landed on the Moon?
Tom: Yes! It was in 1969. Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the Moon.
Lucy: That’s amazing! Did he go alone?
Tom: No, he went with two other astronauts, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins.
Lucy: Have astronauts been to Mars?
Tom: Not yet, but NASA is planning a mission to Mars in the future.
Long READING
"Exploring the Universe"
Humans have always been curious about space. In the 1950s, the space race began between the United States and the Soviet Union. The first important achievement was in 1957, when the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite. Later, in 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first human to travel to space.
The most famous event in space exploration was in 1969, when NASA’s Apollo 11 mission landed on the Moon. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin walked on the surface, while Michael Collins stayed in orbit. Their mission proved that humans could travel beyond Earth.
Today, space agencies like NASA and ESA (European Space Agency) send robots to explore Mars and other planets. Scientists continue to search for new discoveries in the universe.
Questions:
When did the space race begin?
It began in the 1950s.
Who was the first person in space?
Yuri Gagarin was the first person in space.
What year did humans land on the Moon?
Humans landed on the Moon in 1969.
What do space agencies do today?
They send robots and satellites to explore space.
What was the name of the first satellite?
The first satellite was Sputnik 1.
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