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HOW DO THESE PEOPLE KNOW EACH OTHER?

 Understanding and explaining relationships between people is an important part of communication. Knowing how people are connected helps us navigate conversations and interactions in social and professional settings.

In this lesson, we will learn how to describe relationships between people, such as friends, family members, coworkers, or classmates. You will also practice grammar structures like possessive adjectives, question forms, and verbs to describe relationships.


GRAMMAR

1. Possessive Adjectives

  • Use possessive adjectives to describe relationships.
    Examples:
    • "This is her brother."
    • "They are his coworkers."

2. Be + Related Words

  • Use the verb to be with relationship words to explain connections.
    Examples:
    • "They are friends."
    • "He is my uncle."
    • "We are classmates."

3. Question Forms

  • Use Wh- questions to ask about relationships.
    Examples:
    • "How do they know each other?"
    • "Who is she to you?"

4. Simple Present for General Descriptions

  • Use the simple present to describe how people are connected.
    Examples:
    • "They work together."
    • "She lives with her cousin."

VOCABULARY

  1. Friend: A person you like and spend time with.
    Example: "They are best friends."

  2. Relative: A member of your family.
    Example: "My aunt is my favorite relative."

  3. Coworker: A person you work with.
    Example: "He is my coworker at the office."

  4. Neighbor: A person who lives near you.
    Example: "Our neighbors are very friendly."

  5. Classmate: A person in the same class as you.
    Example: "She is my classmate in math class."

  6. Acquaintance: Someone you know but not very well.
    Example: "He is not a close friend, just an acquaintance."

  7. Roommate: A person you live with.
    Example: "I share an apartment with my roommate."

  8. Sibling: A brother or sister.
    Example: "I have two siblings, a brother and a sister."

  9. Colleague: Another word for coworker.
    Example: "My colleague is very helpful."

  10. Partner: A person you are in a romantic or business relationship with.
    Example: "They are business partners."


USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

  1. "How do they know each other?"
  2. "They are related because..."
  3. "She is his..."
  4. "They met at..."
  5. "We have been friends since..."
  6. "He works with her at..."
  7. "They live in the same neighborhood."
  8. "She is married to..."
  9. "They are family friends."
  10. "We grew up together."

SENTENCES

Positive Sentences

  • "They are good friends from college."
  • "She is his coworker at the company."
  • "They are siblings; they grew up together."

Negative Sentences

  • "They are not related."
  • "We don’t know each other very well."
  • "He isn’t her neighbor."

Questions

  • "How are they connected?"
  • "Who is he to you?"
  • "Do they know each other well?"

Answers

  • "They are cousins."
  • "He is my best friend."
  • "Yes, they have worked together for years."

CONVERSATION

Scene: Two coworkers talking about mutual friends.

Anna: Hey, I saw you talking to Sarah earlier. How do you know her?
Mark: Oh, Sarah is my neighbor. We live in the same building. What about you?
Anna: She’s my coworker. We work in the same department.
Mark: That’s cool! I didn’t know she works here too.
Anna: Yeah, she’s been here for about a year.


READING

"Emma’s Family and Friends"

Emma has a big social circle, and everyone in it is connected in different ways. Emma’s best friend is Lucy. They have been friends since they were in high school. They spend a lot of time together and share many hobbies.

Emma’s cousin, Jack, is also close to her. He lives nearby, and they often visit each other. Jack works at the same company as Emma’s roommate, Alice. They all met through work and became good friends.

Emma also has a friendly relationship with her neighbors. Her neighbor Maria is a retired teacher who always gives Emma great advice. They enjoy talking in the evenings.

Emma’s life is full of wonderful people who support and care for her.


QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

  1. Q: How long have Emma and Lucy been friends?
    A: They have been friends since high school.

  2. Q: Who is Jack to Emma?
    A: Jack is Emma’s cousin.

  3. Q: How did Emma meet Alice?
    A: They met through work because Alice is Emma’s roommate.

  4. Q: What does Emma’s neighbor Maria do?
    A: Maria is a retired teacher.

  5. Q: What do Emma and Maria enjoy doing together?
    A: They enjoy talking in the evenings.

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