WHAT ARE THEY STUDYING?

 This topic focuses on asking and answering questions about ongoing activities, particularly studying, using the present continuous tense. Students will learn how to form and use questions starting with "What" and practice describing actions related to studying. The lesson will include vocabulary and expressions related to education, making it practical for daily conversations.

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GRAMMAR

Present Continuous for Questions

• Usage: To ask about actions happening at the moment.
• Structure:
  Wh-question + be (am/is/are) + subject + verb(-ing)?

Examples:

• What are they studying?
• Where is she studying?
• Who is teaching the class?

Answers

• Positive:
  Subject + be (am/is/are) + verb(-ing).
  They are studying English.

• Negative:
  Subject + be (am/is/are) + not + verb(-ing).
  They are not studying math.

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VOCABULARY

1. Study: To spend time learning something. (I study history every day.)
2. Subject: A field of study (e.g., math, science). (My favorite subject is biology.)
3. Library: A place where you read and study. (They are studying in the library.)
4. Classroom: A room where lessons happen. (We study in the classroom.)
5. Book: A set of written pages. (He is reading a science book.)
6. Notes: Information written down to remember. (She is writing her notes.)
7. Project: A task that involves research. (We are working on a group project.)
8. Exam: A formal test. (They are studying for an exam.)
9. Homework: Tasks to complete outside class. (I am finishing my homework.)
10. Lesson: A period of teaching. (They are attending a math lesson.)

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USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

• What are they studying?
• They are studying history.
• She is not studying right now.
• Are you preparing for an exam?
• I am working on my homework.
• Let’s study together after lunch.
• He is reading a science textbook.
• We are taking notes in the library.
• Are they reviewing the lesson?
• What time does the study session end?

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SENTENCES

Positive Sentences

1. They are studying English grammar.
2. She is reviewing her notes.
3. We are preparing for a history exam.

Negative Sentences

1. They are not studying math.
2. He is not reading his textbook.
3. We are not working on the project now.

Questions

1. What are they studying?
2. Are you studying science?
3. Where is she studying?

Answers

1. They are studying biology.
2. Yes, I am studying science.
3. She is studying in the library.

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CONVERSATION

Anna: Hi, Peter. What are you doing?
Peter: Hi, Anna. I’m studying for my geography test. What about you?
Anna: I’m working on my math homework. Are you finding geography hard?
Peter: A little. There are so many maps to learn!
Anna: Do you need help? I studied geography last semester.
Peter: Yes, please. That would be great!

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READING

"Study Time at the Library"

On Saturday afternoon, the library is full of students. Emma and Jake are sitting at a table. Emma is studying history. She is reading about ancient civilizations and taking notes in her notebook.

Jake, on the other hand, is working on a science project. He is looking at diagrams of the human body in his textbook.

At the next table, two girls are studying for their math test. They are solving problems and discussing their answers.

The librarian walks by and asks, “What are you studying?”

Emma replies, “I’m studying history, and Jake is working on science.”

The librarian smiles and says, “Good luck with your studies!”

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Questions and Answers

1. Q: Where are the students studying?
   A: They are studying at the library.

2. Q: What is Emma studying?
   A: Emma is studying history.

3. Q: What is Jake working on?
   A: Jake is working on a science project.

4. Q: What are the two girls studying?
   A: They are studying for their math test.

5. Q: What does the librarian say to the students?
   A: The librarian says, “Good luck with your studies!”