This topic focuses on the distinction between routines and habits (expressed with the simple present) and actions happening at the moment (expressed with the present continuous). For example, "I always take a shower in the morning" describes a regular habit, while "She's taking a shower right now" refers to an activity happening at this exact moment.
Students will learn how to talk about daily routines, describe actions in progress, and practice distinguishing between the two tenses.
GRAMMAR
1. Simple Present
Form:
- Positive: Subject + base verb (+ s/es for third person singular).
- Negative: Subject + do/does not + base verb.
- Question: Do/Does + subject + base verb?
Uses:
- Regular habits or routines:
- "I always eat breakfast at 7:00 AM."
- General facts:
- "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."
Examples:
- Positive: "She wakes up at 6:00 AM."
- Negative: "They don’t drink coffee in the morning."
- Question: "Do you exercise every day?"
2. Present Continuous
Form:
- Positive: Subject + am/is/are + verb + ing.
- Negative: Subject + am/is/are + not + verb + ing.
- Question: Am/Is/Are + subject + verb + ing?
Uses:
- Actions happening right now:
- "He is reading a book."
- Temporary actions:
- "We are staying at a hotel this week."
- Actions happening around now:
- "She is working on a project these days."
Examples:
- Positive: "I’m watching TV."
- Negative: "He isn’t cooking dinner right now."
- Question: "Are you studying at the moment?"
VOCABULARY
- Always: Every time or on every occasion.
Example: "I always brush my teeth before bed." - Routine: A regular way of doing things.
Example: "My routine includes a morning jog." - Habit: Something you do often or regularly.
Example: "Reading is a habit of mine." - Morning: The time between midnight and noon.
Example: "I start my day early in the morning." - Shower: A bath where water falls from above.
Example: "She is taking a shower now." - Currently: At the present time.
Example: "He is currently reading a book." - Temporary: Lasting for a short period.
Example: "We are living in a hotel temporarily." - Progress: A movement toward a goal.
Example: "She is making good progress in her studies." - Frequently: Happening often.
Example: "He frequently visits his grandmother." - Moment: A very short period of time.
Example: "I’ll call you in a moment."
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
- "I always start my day with a shower."
- "She’s busy at the moment."
- "Do you take a shower in the morning?"
- "He is currently on the phone."
- "They don’t usually wake up early."
- "I’m having breakfast right now."
- "What are you doing at the moment?"
- "I never skip breakfast."
- "She is staying with a friend temporarily."
- "We usually go to the park on Sundays."
SENTENCES
Positive Sentences
- Simple Present: "I always take a shower in the morning."
- Present Continuous: "She’s taking a shower right now."
Negative Sentences
- Simple Present: "I don’t take a shower at night."
- Present Continuous: "She isn’t taking a shower at the moment."
Questions
- Simple Present: "Do you always take a shower in the morning?"
- Present Continuous: "Is she taking a shower right now?"
Answers
- Positive: "Yes, I do." / "Yes, she is."
- Negative: "No, I don’t." / "No, she isn’t."
CONVERSATION
Scene: Two roommates discussing their morning routines.
Tom: Good morning, Sarah! What time do you usually wake up?
Sarah: Good morning, Tom! I usually wake up at 6:30 AM. What about you?
Tom: I wake up at 7:00 AM. Do you always take a shower in the morning?
Sarah: Yes, I do. It helps me feel fresh. What about you?
Tom: Sometimes, but not always. Is someone in the shower now?
Sarah: Yes, Emily is taking a shower right now.
READING
"Morning Routines"
John is a very organized person. He always wakes up at 6:00 AM and starts his day with a cup of coffee. After that, he takes a shower and gets ready for work. This is his daily routine.
Today, however, John is not following his routine. He is taking a day off and relaxing at home. Right now, he is sitting on the couch, drinking tea, and reading a book. His phone is ringing, but he isn’t answering it because he wants to enjoy a quiet morning.
Questions and Answers
Q: What does John always do after waking up?
A: He takes a shower and gets ready for work.Q: Is John following his routine today?
A: No, he isn’t.Q: What is John doing right now?
A: He is sitting on the couch, drinking tea, and reading a book.Q: Why isn’t John answering his phone?
A: Because he wants to enjoy a quiet morning.
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