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THE SIMPLE PRESENT VS. THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS

 Understanding the difference between the simple present and the present continuous is essential for describing regular activities and ongoing actions. The simple present is used for routines, facts, and habits, while the present continuous describes actions happening right now or temporary situations.

This lesson will help students distinguish between these two tenses, use them appropriately in sentences, and communicate effectively about daily routines and current actions.


GRAMMAR

1. The Simple Present

Form:

  • Positive: Subject + base verb (+ s/es for third person singular).
  • Negative: Subject + do/does not + base verb.
  • Question: Do/Does + subject + base verb?

Uses:

  1. Regular actions or habits:
    • "She goes to school every day."
  2. General facts or truths:
    • "The sun rises in the east."
  3. Scheduled events:
    • "The train leaves at 9:00 AM."

Examples:

  • Positive: "I walk to work."
  • Negative: "She doesn’t like coffee."
  • Question: "Do you play football?"

2. The Present Continuous

Form:

  • Positive: Subject + am/is/are + verb + ing.
  • Negative: Subject + am/is/are + not + verb + ing.
  • Question: Am/Is/Are + subject + verb + ing?

Uses:

  1. Actions happening now:
    • "He is studying right now."
  2. Temporary actions:
    • "She is staying with a friend this week."
  3. Changing situations:
    • "The weather is getting colder."

Examples:

  • Positive: "They are playing soccer."
  • Negative: "I’m not reading a book now."
  • Question: "Are you working on a project?"

VOCABULARY

  1. Routine: Something you do regularly.
    Example: "My routine includes exercise in the morning."
  2. Action: Something that is done.
    Example: "Walking is an action."
  3. Habit: A repeated behavior.
    Example: "Brushing teeth is a habit."
  4. Temporary: Lasting for a short time.
    Example: "She’s living here temporarily."
  5. Fact: A true statement.
    Example: "The Earth is round."
  6. Schedule: A planned timetable.
    Example: "The train’s schedule is fixed."
  7. Currently: At the present time.
    Example: "I’m currently working on a project."
  8. Frequently: Often or regularly.
    Example: "He frequently visits his grandparents."
  9. Occasionally: Sometimes but not often.
    Example: "We occasionally go to the movies."
  10. Progress: Movement toward a goal.
    Example: "She is making progress in her studies."

USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

  1. "What do you usually do on weekends?"
  2. "I’m working on something important right now."
  3. "She always takes the bus to school."
  4. "They are playing in the garden at the moment."
  5. "Do you go to the gym every day?"
  6. "Are you watching TV now?"
  7. "He doesn’t play basketball often."
  8. "I’m not studying tonight."
  9. "Does she call her parents every evening?"
  10. "We are having dinner right now."

SENTENCES

Positive Sentences

  • Simple Present: "I eat breakfast at 7:00 AM every day."
  • Present Continuous: "I’m eating breakfast right now."

Negative Sentences

  • Simple Present: "She doesn’t like spicy food."
  • Present Continuous: "She isn’t eating spicy food now."

Questions

  • Simple Present: "Do they walk to school every day?"
  • Present Continuous: "Are they walking to school now?"

Answers

  • Positive: "Yes, they do." / "Yes, they are."
  • Negative: "No, they don’t." / "No, they aren’t."

CONVERSATION

Scene: Two friends talking during a coffee break.

Anna: Hi, Mark! What do you usually do on weekends?
Mark: Hi, Anna. I usually go hiking. What about you?
Anna: I like to read books. Are you hiking this weekend?
Mark: No, I’m not. It’s raining. I’m watching a movie at home instead.
Anna: Sounds relaxing. What movie are you watching?
Mark: It’s a documentary about nature. Do you watch documentaries?
Anna: Yes, I do! I watch them often.


READING

"Daily Life vs. Special Moments"

Sarah is a teacher. She works at a school in the city. Every day, she wakes up at 6:00 AM and prepares for her classes. She always drinks a cup of coffee before heading to work.

Today, however, is different. Sarah is not teaching today. She is attending a training workshop in another city. Right now, she is listening to a speaker and taking notes. She is learning new strategies for teaching.

Sarah enjoys her routine, but she also likes days like today when she does something different.


Questions and Answers

  1. Q: What does Sarah do every day?
    A: She wakes up at 6:00 AM and prepares for her classes.

  2. Q: What is Sarah doing today?
    A: She is attending a training workshop.

  3. Q: Does Sarah always drink coffee before work?
    A: Yes, she does.

  4. Q: Why does Sarah like days like today?
    A: Because she gets to do something different.

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