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DESCRIBE AND ANSWER QUESTIONS ABOUT YOURSELF AND OTHER PEOPLE

 Describing yourself and others is a fundamental skill in English. It allows you to share details about your personality, appearance, likes, dislikes, and daily life while also understanding and answering questions about others. In this topic, you will learn how to describe yourself and others using adjectives, the present simple tense, and to be. You will also practice forming and answering questions about personal details and habits.


GRAMMAR

Using the Verb "To Be"

  • Affirmative:
    I am (I'm), You are (You're), He/She/It is (He's/She's/It's)
    Example: "I am a teacher. She is tall."
  • Negative:
    I am not (I'm not), You are not (You aren't), He/She/It is not (He isn't/She isn't)
    Example: "I am not shy. He isn't from Mexico."
  • Questions:
    Am I...? Are you...? Is he/she/it...?
    Example: "Are you from Spain? Is she happy?"

Present Simple for Habits and Facts

  • Affirmative: Subject + base verb.
    Example: "I live in Paris. He works in a bank."
  • Negative: Subject + do/does + not + base verb.
    Example: "I don’t like coffee. She doesn’t watch TV."
  • Questions: Do/Does + subject + base verb?
    Example: "Do you like sports? Does he play guitar?"

VOCABULARY

  1. Friendly: Kind and nice to others.
    Example: "She is very friendly."
  2. Shy: Nervous around people.
    Example: "I am shy in big groups."
  3. Tall: Having greater height than average.
    Example: "My brother is very tall."
  4. Hobby: An activity done for fun.
    Example: "My hobbies are painting and reading."
  5. Outgoing: Social and enjoys talking to others.
    Example: "He is outgoing and loves meeting people."
  6. Smart: Intelligent or clever.
    Example: "She is very smart and always helps me with math."
  7. Short: Having less height than average.
    Example: "I am short compared to my friends."
  8. Curious: Interested in learning new things.
    Example: "He is curious about history."
  9. Kind: Caring and nice to others.
    Example: "She is kind to everyone she meets."
  10. Active: Full of energy and movement.
    Example: "I am active and enjoy sports."

USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

  1. "I am [adjective]."
  2. "She/He is [adjective]."
  3. "I have [color] eyes and [adjective] hair."
  4. "He/She has [color] eyes and [adjective] hair."
  5. "I like/dislike [activity]."
  6. "He/She likes/dislikes [activity]."
  7. "What do you like to do in your free time?"
  8. "Where do you live?"
  9. "Can you describe him/her?"
  10. "What are your hobbies?"

SENTENCES

Positive Sentences

  • "I am a student."
  • "She is very friendly and smart."
  • "We live in a small town."

Negative Sentences

  • "I am not shy."
  • "He doesn’t like playing soccer."
  • "We don’t live in the city."

Questions

  • "What do you like to do?"
  • "Where does she live?"
  • "Is he tall?"

Answers

  • Positive: "Yes, I do. I like reading."
  • Negative: "No, she doesn’t. She dislikes sports."

CONVERSATION

Scene: Two coworkers meeting for the first time.

Anna: Hi, I’m Anna. What’s your name?
John: Hi, Anna. I’m John. Nice to meet you.
Anna: Nice to meet you too. Where are you from?
John: I’m from New York. And you?
Anna: I’m from Chicago. What do you do?
John: I’m an architect. What about you?
Anna: I work in marketing. Do you like your job?
John: Yes, I love it. It’s very creative. What about you?
Anna: I like my job too. It’s challenging but fun.


READING

"Meet Carlos and Elena"

Carlos is 28 years old, and he lives in Bogotá, Colombia. He is a doctor, and he loves helping people. Carlos is very friendly and active. He enjoys running in the park and playing soccer with his friends every weekend. He also likes reading books about science and technology.

Elena is 26 years old, and she lives in Lima, Peru. She is an artist, and she loves painting beautiful landscapes. Elena is shy but very kind. In her free time, she enjoys listening to music, cooking, and watching movies. Carlos and Elena are friends, and they often talk about their hobbies and dreams.


Questions and Answers

  1. Q: Where does Carlos live?
    A: Carlos lives in Bogotá, Colombia.

  2. Q: What is Carlos’s job?
    A: He is a doctor.

  3. Q: What does Carlos like to do in his free time?
    A: He likes running, playing soccer, and reading books.

  4. Q: Where does Elena live?
    A: Elena lives in Lima, Peru.

  5. Q: What are Elena’s hobbies?
    A: She enjoys listening to music, cooking, and watching movies

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